Paclitaxel est un agent antinéoplasique naturel et stabilise la polymérisation de la tubuline. Paclitaxel peut provoquer à la fois l'arrêt mitotique et la mort cellulaire apoptotique. Paclitaxel induit également l'autophagie.
Paclitaxel ist ein natürlich vorkommendes antineoplastisches Mittel und stabilisiert die tubulinpolymerisation. Paclitaxel kann sowohl einen mitotischen Stillstand als auch apoptotic Zelltod verursachen. Paclitaxel induziert auch autophagy.
Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring antineoplastic agent and stabilizes tubulin polymerization. Paclitaxel can cause both mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death. Paclitaxel also induces autophagy.
For research use only. We do not sell to patients.
Paclitaxel Chemical Structure
CAS No. : 33069-62-4
This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.
Based on 232 publication(s) in Google Scholar
Other Forms of Paclitaxel:
Paclitaxel-d5
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Paclitaxel-d5 (benzoyloxy)
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Paclitaxel (Standard)
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Paclitaxel purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in:
Mar Drugs. 2023 Apr 23, 21(5), 259.
Paclitaxel (PTX; 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 nM; 48 h) reduces the viability of Hela, SiHa, and C33A cells in a dose-dependent manner.(3.125 nM for Hela cells, 100 nM for SiHa and C33A cells)
Paclitaxel purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in:
Mar Drugs. 2023 Apr 23, 21(5), 259.
Paclitaxel (PTX; 50 nM; 48 h) increases the expression of Cleaved-caspase-9 and Cleaved-caspase-3 in Hela cells.
Paclitaxel purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in:
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2023 May 20.
Paclitaxel (25, 50 μM; 24 h) significantly increases the expression of caspase-3 in PK-15 cells.
Paclitaxel purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in:
Oncol Lett. 2023 Feb 15.
Paclitaxel (PTX; 0‑100 nM; 72 h) inhibits the viability of MDA‑MB‑231cells.
Paclitaxel purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in:
Arch Cancer Res. 2023 Jan 30.
Paclitaxel (CPT; 10-6 -12-10 M; 72 h) demonstrates a strong antitumor activity and an inhibitory of proliferation (IC50 = 6.28 nM) in U937 cells.
Paclitaxel purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in:
J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Feb 13;67(6):1656-1665.
[Abstract]
Western blot image and statistical analysis of phosphorylated γH2AX levels in HT-29 cells with different treatments after 48 h. Myricetin and PTX used are 32 μM and 100 nM, respectively.
The effects of CS1 on polymerized microtubules are also investigated using a cellular tubulin polymer assay. Nocodazole (1 μM) and Paclitaxel (1.5 μM) are used as depolymerization and polymerization controls, respectively.
Paclitaxel purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in:
Am J Cancer Res. 2017 Apr 1;7(4):903-912.
[Abstract]
Synergistic inhibition of colony formation of ATC cells by E7080 and Paclitaxel. Representative images of colony formation in C643 cells treated with vehicle control (DMSO) or E7080 and Paclitaxel at the indicated concentrations, individually or in combination, are shown in left panel. Quantitative analysis of colony numbers is shown in right panel.
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Description
Paclitaxel is a naturally occurring antineoplastic agent and stabilizes tubulin polymerization. Paclitaxel can cause both mitotic arrest and apoptotic cell death. Paclitaxel also induces autophagy[1][2].
IC50 & Target[1]
Traditional Cytotoxic Agents
In Vitro
Paclitaxel (20 nM; 48 hours) induces programmed cell death and exists a block at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle[1].
Paclitaxel (20 nM; 48 hours) induces a consistent increase in the level of p53[1].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Paclitaxel Related Antibodies
Apoptosis Analysis[1]
Cell Line:
MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 cells
Concentration:
20 nM
Incubation Time:
48 hours
Result:
Induced programmed cell death.
Cell Cycle Analysis[1]
Cell Line:
MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 cells
Concentration:
20 nM
Incubation Time:
48 hours
Result:
>60% of MCF-7 cells and 50% of MDA-MB-231 cells were in the G2/M phase following 24 h treament.
Western Blot Analysis[1]
Cell Line:
MCF-7 cells (harboring wild-type p53)
Concentration:
20 nM
Incubation Time:
48 hours
Result:
Induced a consistent increase in the level of p53.
In Vivo
Paclitaxel (1-20 mg/kg; i.p.; 1 time/2 days for five cycles) obviously induces liver metastases at the low-Paclitaxel group with little influence on primary tumor growth[3].
MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Model:
MDA-231 xenograft-bearing mice[3]
Dosage:
1, 20 mg/kg
Administration:
Intraperitoneal injection; five cycles (1 time/2 days)
Result:
Liver metastases were obviously induced in the low-PTX (1 mg/kg) group with little influence on primary tumor growth compared with high-PTX group.
DMSO : 100 mg/mL (117.11 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)
H2O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)
Preparing Stock Solutions
ConcentrationSolventMass
1 mg
5 mg
10 mg
1 mM
1.1711 mL
5.8554 mL
11.7108 mL
5 mM
0.2342 mL
1.1711 mL
2.3422 mL
10 mM
0.1171 mL
0.5855 mL
1.1711 mL
View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
*Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day. The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μLDMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: 2.08 mg/mL (2.44 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.08 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μLDMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3
Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μLDMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μLCorn oil, and mix evenly.
For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly.
It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time. The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution.
If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation,
heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.
Solubility: 10 mg/mL (11.71 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
Protocol 2
Add each solvent one by one: 50% PEG300 50% Saline
Solubility: 10 mg/mL (11.71 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic
In Vivo Dissolution Calculator
Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:
Dosage
mg/kg
Animal weight (per animal)
g
Dosing volume (per animal)
μL
Number of animals
Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.
Please enter your animal formula composition:
%
DMSO+
%
+
%
Tween-80
+
%
Saline
Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.
The co-solvents required include: DMSO,
. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
, Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).
Calculation results:
Working solution concentration:
mg/mL
Method for preparing stock solution:
mg
drug dissolved in
μL
DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).
The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).
Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take
μL DMSO stock solution, add
μL .
μL , mix evenly, next add
μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add
μL Saline.
Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution
If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.
[1]. Choi YH, et al. Paclitaxel-induced growth arrest and apoptosis is associated with the upregulation of the Cdk inhibitor, p21WAF1/CIP1, in human breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep. 2012 Dec;28(6):2163-9.
[Content Brief]
[2]. Dziadyk JM, et al. Paclitaxel-induced apoptosis may occur without a prior G2/M-phase arrest. Anticancer Res. 2004 Jan-Feb;24(1):27-36.
[Content Brief]
[3]. Li Q, et al. Low doses of paclitaxel enhance liver metastasis of breast cancer cells in the mouse model. FEBS J. 2016 Aug;283(15):2836-52.
[Content Brief]
[4]. Pan Z, et al. Paclitaxel attenuates Bcl-2 resistance to apoptosis in breast cancer cells through an endoplasmic reticulum-mediated calciumrelease in a dosage dependent manner. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013 Feb 13. pii: S0006-291X(13)00259-3.
[Content Brief]
[5]. Cadamuro M, et al. Low dose paclitaxel reduces S100A4 nuclear import to inhibit invasion and hematogenous metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Res. 2016 Jun 21.
[Content Brief]
[6]. Li Q, et al. Low doses of paclitaxel enhance liver metastasis of breast cancer cells in the mouse model. FEBS J. 2016 Jun 16.
[Content Brief]
[7]. Yilmaz E, et al. Sensory neuron subpopulation-specific dysregulation of intracellular calcium in a rat model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Neuroscience. 2015 Aug 6;300:210-8.
[Content Brief]
[8]. Jing C, et al. E7080 enhances the antitumor effects of paclitaxel in anaplastic thyroid cancer. Am J Cancer Res. 2017 Apr 1;7(4):903-912.
[Content Brief]
[1]. Choi YH, et al. Paclitaxel-induced growth arrest and apoptosis is associated with the upregulation of the Cdk inhibitor, p21WAF1/CIP1, in human breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep. 2012 Dec;28(6):2163-9.
[2]. Dziadyk JM, et al. Paclitaxel-induced apoptosis may occur without a prior G2/M-phase arrest. Anticancer Res. 2004 Jan-Feb;24(1):27-36.
[3]. Li Q, et al. Low doses of paclitaxel enhance liver metastasis of breast cancer cells in the mouse model. FEBS J. 2016 Aug;283(15):2836-52.
[4]. Pan Z, et al. Paclitaxel attenuates Bcl-2 resistance to apoptosis in breast cancer cells through an endoplasmic reticulum-mediated calciumrelease in a dosage dependent manner. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013 Feb 13. pii: S0006-291X(13)00259-3.
[5]. Cadamuro M, et al. Low dose paclitaxel reduces S100A4 nuclear import to inhibit invasion and hematogenous metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Res. 2016 Jun 21.
[6]. Li Q, et al. Low doses of paclitaxel enhance liver metastasis of breast cancer cells in the mouse model. FEBS J. 2016 Jun 16.
[7]. Yilmaz E, et al. Sensory neuron subpopulation-specific dysregulation of intracellular calcium in a rat model of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Neuroscience. 2015 Aug 6;300:210-8.
[8]. Jing C, et al. E7080 enhances the antitumor effects of paclitaxel in anaplastic thyroid cancer. Am J Cancer Res. 2017 Apr 1;7(4):903-912.
Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table
*Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.
Optional Solvent
ConcentrationSolventMass
1 mg
5 mg
10 mg
25 mg
DMSO
1 mM
1.1711 mL
5.8554 mL
11.7108 mL
29.2771 mL
5 mM
0.2342 mL
1.1711 mL
2.3422 mL
5.8554 mL
10 mM
0.1171 mL
0.5855 mL
1.1711 mL
2.9277 mL
15 mM
0.0781 mL
0.3904 mL
0.7807 mL
1.9518 mL
20 mM
0.0586 mL
0.2928 mL
0.5855 mL
1.4639 mL
25 mM
0.0468 mL
0.2342 mL
0.4684 mL
1.1711 mL
30 mM
0.0390 mL
0.1952 mL
0.3904 mL
0.9759 mL
40 mM
0.0293 mL
0.1464 mL
0.2928 mL
0.7319 mL
50 mM
0.0234 mL
0.1171 mL
0.2342 mL
0.5855 mL
60 mM
0.0195 mL
0.0976 mL
0.1952 mL
0.4880 mL
80 mM
0.0146 mL
0.0732 mL
0.1464 mL
0.3660 mL
100 mM
0.0117 mL
0.0586 mL
0.1171 mL
0.2928 mL
Paclitaxel Related Classifications
Cancer
Cancer Targeted TherapyCancer Metabolism and Metastasis
Species cross-reactivity must be investigated individually for each product. Many human cytokines will produce a nice response in mouse cell lines, and many mouse proteins will show activity on human cells. Other proteins may have a lower specific activity when used in the opposite species.
