Reagents and instruments for immunology, cell biology and molecular biology.

Aloxistatin [88321-09-9]

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Cat# HY-100229-5mg

Size : 5mg

Brand : MedChemExpress

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Description

Aloxistatin (E64d) is a cell-permeable and irreversible broad-spectrum cysteine protease inhibitor. Aloxistatin (E64d) exhibits entry-blocking effect for MERS-CoV.

IC₅₀ & Target

Cysteine protease^[1]

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
U-937	IC₅₀	1.1 μM Compound: E-64d	Blockade of cathepsin G processing in human U937 cells by densitometry Blockade of cathepsin G processing in human U937 cells by densitometry	[PMID: 17535802]

In Vitro

Inhibition of protease-resistant prion protein (PrP-res) accumulation in ScNB cells by cysteine protease inhibitor Aloxistatin (E64d) with IC₅₀ of 0.5±0.11 μM. For the cell surface PrP-sen detection, PrP-sen is immunoprecipitated from media treated with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PIPLC) to release pulse-³⁵S-labeled PrP-sen from the cell surface. Aloxistatin is maintained at 15 μM, respectively, in the labeling media of all but the control cells ^[1]. Aloxistatin (E64d) (which specifically blocks cysteine proteases, but not serine proteases such as granzymes) is able to completely block turnover of the CatL substrate Z-Phe-Arg-aminomethylcoumarin, when pre-incubated with NK-92 or YT 5 cells^[2]. Aloxistatin (E64d) is a broad-spectrum cell-permeable inhibitor of cysteine proteases^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : 125 mg/mL (365.04 mM; Need ultrasonic; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

Ethanol : ≥ 33.33 mg/mL (97.33 mM)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	2.9203 mL	14.6015 mL	29.2030 mL
5 mM	0.5841 mL	2.9203 mL	5.8406 mL
10 mM	0.2920 mL	1.4602 mL	2.9203 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.30 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.30 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% EtOH 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (7.30 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL EtOH stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.
Protocol 4

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: 2.08 mg/mL (6.07 mM); Suspended solution; Need ultrasonic

This protocol yields a suspended solution of 2.08 mg/mL. Suspended solution can be used for oral and intraperitoneal injection.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 5

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (6.07 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.55%

Data Sheet (280 KB) SDS (393 KB)

COA (244 KB) HNMR (223 KB) LCMS (119 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Doh-Ura K, et al. Lysosomotropic agents and cysteine protease inhibitors inhibit scrapie-associated prion protein accumulation. J Virol. 2000 May;74(10):4894-7. [Content Brief]

[2]. Konjar S, et al. Human and mouse perforin are processed in part through cleavage by the lysosomal cysteine proteinase cathepsin L. Immunology. 2010 Oct;131(2):257-67. [Content Brief]

[3]. Mullins SR, et al. Three-dimensional cultures modeling premalignant progression of human breast epithelial cells: role of cysteine cathepsins. Biol Chem. 2012 Dec;393(12):1405-16. [Content Brief]

[4]. Hook G, et al. The cysteine protease inhibitor, E64d, reduces brain amyloid-β and improves memory deficits in Alzheimer's disease animal models by inhibiting cathepsin B, but not BACE1, β-secretase activity. J Alzheimers Dis. 2011;26(2):387-408. [Content Brief]

[5]. Cheng XW, et al. Superoxide-dependent cathepsin activation is associated with hypertensive myocardial remodeling and represents a target for angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker treatment. Am J Pathol. 2008 Aug;173(2):358-69. [Content Brief]

[6]. Ji Yeun Kim, et al. Safe, High-Throughput Screening of Natural Compounds of MERS-CoV Entry Inhibitors Using a Pseudovirus Expressing MERS-CoV Spike Protein. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2018 Nov;52(5):730-732. [Content Brief]

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Aloxistatin [88321-09-9]

Cat# HY-100229-5mg

Brand : MedChemExpress

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