Paraffin wax is used as an embedding medium, aiding in the preservation and preparation of tissue samples for microscopic examination. Derived from petroleum, paraffin wax is a colorless, odorless substance with a low melting point, making it ideal for embedding tissues.

The process of paraffin embedding involves impregnating tissue samples with molten paraffin wax. This method replaces the water content within the tissues, allowing for the creation of thin, transparent sections that can be easily mounted on microscope slides. The inherent properties of paraffin wax, such as its low viscosity when molten and solid-state rigidity, contribute to the ease of sectioning tissues into thin slices.