Reagents and instruments for immunology, cell biology and molecular biology.

5-Azacytidine [320-67-2]

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Cat# HY-10586-500mg

Size : 500mg

Brand : MedChemExpress

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5-Azacytidine (Azacitidine; 5-AzaC; Ladakamycin) is a nucleoside analogue of cytidine that specifically inhibits DNA methylation. 5-Azacytidine is incorporated into DNA to covalently trap DNA methyltransferases and contributes to reverse epigenetic changes. 5-Azacytidine induces cell autophagy.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

5-Azacytidine Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 320-67-2

Size	Stock	Quantity
Solid + Solvent (Highly Recommended)
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO ready for reconstitution	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solution
10 mM * 1 mL in DMSO	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
Solid
100 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
200 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
500 mg	In-stock	Estimated Time of Arrival: December 31
1 g	Get quote
5 g	Get quote

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Based on 95 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of 5-Azacytidine:

5-Azacytidine-¹⁵N₄ Get quote
5-Azacytidine (Standard) Get quote

: 5-Azacytidine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Int J Biol Macromol. 2022.; 5-azacytidine (5-AzaC; 5 μM; 1, 2, 3 days) results in an increase in the expression of MYOD1 and MYOG during myoblast differentiation.

: 5-Azacytidine purchased from MedChemExpress. Usage Cited in: Cell Death Dis. 2018 Jan 26;9(2):129. [Abstract]; The effects of treatment with the indicated epigenetic inhibitors on cleaved PARP (Clv-PARP) expression in both PC9/ER and HCC827/ER cells. β-actin is used as a loading control.

Description

IC₅₀ & Target^[1]

DNMT1

Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog

Autophagy

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
5637	IC₅₀	1.73 μM Compound: 5-Aza-cytidine	Antiproliferative activity against human 5637 cells after 96 hrs by crystal violet assay Antiproliferative activity against human 5637 cells after 96 hrs by crystal violet assay	[PMID: 18434163]
A-427	IC₅₀	0.63 μM Compound: 5-Aza-cytidine	Antiproliferative activity against human A427 cells after 96 hrs by crystal violet assay Antiproliferative activity against human A427 cells after 96 hrs by crystal violet assay	[PMID: 18434163]
HEK293	IC₅₀	> 500 μM Compound: azacitidine	Inhibition of human MATE1-mediated ASP+ uptake expressed in HEK293 cells after 1.5 mins by fluorescence assay Inhibition of human MATE1-mediated ASP+ uptake expressed in HEK293 cells after 1.5 mins by fluorescence assay	[PMID: 23241029]
HT-29	IC₅₀	3800 nM Compound: 5-azacytidine	Antiproliferative activity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against human HT-29 cells after 96 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 2778449]
KYSE-70 cell line	IC₅₀	1.59 μM Compound: 5-Aza-cytidine	Antiproliferative activity against human KYSE70 cells after 96 hrs by crystal violet assay Antiproliferative activity against human KYSE70 cells after 96 hrs by crystal violet assay	[PMID: 18434163]
MCF7	IC₅₀	6.78 μM Compound: 5-Aza-cytidine	Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by crystal violet assay Antiproliferative activity against human MCF7 cells after 96 hrs by crystal violet assay	[PMID: 18434163]
P388	IC₅₀	5000 nM Compound: 5-azacytidine	Antiproliferative activity against mouse P388 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay Antiproliferative activity against mouse P388 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 2778449]

In Vitro

Unmethylated CpG islands associated with a variety of genes become partially or fully methylated in tumors and can be reactivated by 5-Azacytidine^[1]. 5-Azacytidine acts as weak inducers of erythroid differentiation of Friend erythroleukemia cells in the same concentration range where they affect DNA methyltransferase activity^[2]. 5-Azacytidine inhibits L1210 cells with ID₅₀ and ID₉₀ values of 0.019 and circa 0.15 μg/mL, respectively^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

In Vivo

TdR-³H incorporation is significantly inhibited when the animals are exposed to 5-Azacitidine (100 mg/kg, i.p.) for 2 hr or longer^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

Molecular Weight

244.20

Formula

C₈H₁₂N₄O₅

CAS No.

320-67-2

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to yellow

SMILES

OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](N2C(N=C(N)N=C2)=O)O1

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

Powder	-20°C	3 years
	4°C	2 years
In solvent	-80°C	2 years
	-20°C	1 year

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 31 mg/mL (126.95 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : 25 mg/mL (102.38 mM; ultrasonic and warming and heat to 60°C)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	4.0950 mL	20.4750 mL	40.9500 mL
5 mM	0.8190 mL	4.0950 mL	8.1900 mL
10 mM	0.4095 mL	2.0475 mL	4.0950 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 2 years; -20°C, 1 year. When stored at -80°C, please use it within 2 years. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 year.

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.52 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.52 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (8.52 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

For the following dissolution methods, please prepare the working solution directly. It is recommended to prepare fresh solutions and use them promptly within a short period of time.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: PBS
Solubility: 20 mg/mL (81.90 mM); Clear solution; Need ultrasonic

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

This product has good water solubility, please refer to the measured solubility data in water/PBS/Saline for details.

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only.If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.91%

Select Batch:

SDS (618 KB)

COA (253 KB) LCMS (93 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Christman JK. 5-Azacytidine and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine as inhibitors of DNA methylation: mechanistic studies and their implications for cancer therapy. Oncogene. 2002 Aug 12;21(35):5483-95. [Content Brief]

[2]. Creusot F, et al. Inhibition of DNA methyltransferase and induction of Friend erythroleukemia cell differentiation by 5-azacytidineand 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. J Biol Chem. 1982 Feb 25;257(4):2041-8. [Content Brief]

[3]. Li LH,et al. Cytotoxicity and mode of action of 5-azacytidine on L1210 leukemia. Cancer Res. 1970 Nov;30(11):2760-9. [Content Brief]

[4]. Marycz K, et al. 5-Azacytidine and Resveratrol Enhance Chondrogenic Differentiation of Metabolic Syndrome-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Modulating Autophagy.Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 May 12;2019:1523140. [Content Brief]

Kinase Assay ^[3]	A crude cell-free extract is isolated from LI 210 cells in culture by suspension of the cells in a given volume of 0.05mol/LTris-HCl buffer, pH 7.4, and sonic extraction with a Biosonik at 70% maximal output for 30 sec. The supernatant is collected after centrifugation at 105,000 × g for 60 min (4°C) in a Model L Spinco ultracentrifuge. The final protein concentration of the cell-free extracts is approximately 3 mg/mL. The extracts are used as the source of enzymes. Ribonucleotide reductase activity is measured. A unit of enzyme is defined as the amount that catalyzed dCMP synthesis at a rate of 1 mμmole/hr. The assay systems for the measurement of pyrimidine nucleoside (CR) and deoxynucleoside (TdR, CdR) kinases are essentially those described by Chu and Fischer. However, reactions are terminated by heating for 2 min in a boiling water bath, and the phosphorylated derivatives are isolated according to the method of Bach. Fifty-jul aliquots are applied to 1-inch discs of diethylaminoethyl paper, which are then placed in counting vials and eluted with 0.5 mL of 0.5 mol/LPCA. After 1 hr, 12 mL of Diotol are added, and the radioactivity is determined. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Cell Assay ^[3]	Twenty mL of cells (circa 1×10⁴ cells/mL) are pipetted into sterilized culture tubes with screw caps and incubated at 37°C overnight. The experiment is initiated by the addition of 1 mL of 5-Azacytidine (5-azaCR) or medium for a given period (from 0 to 240 min) prior to the addition of 1 mL of metabolite (or medium). Cell growth is determined twice a day for 3 days by means of a Model A Coulter counter. To determine IDSO and ID90 values, 5 mL of L1210 cells (5×10³ cells/mL) are incubated with the drug at 37°C for 3 days, and cell growth is determined. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
Animal Administration ^[3]	For the in vivo experiments, leukemic mice (bearing circa 1×10³ cells/animal) are given injections i.p. with 0.2 mL of 5-Azacytidine (5-azaCR) of a given concentration. Two hr later, the reaction is started by injecting 0.5 mL of labeled metabolite (TdR-³H or UR-³H, 10 /μCi/12.5 μg). After 1 hr, animals (3 mice/group) are killed by cervical fracture. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References	[1]. Christman JK. 5-Azacytidine and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine as inhibitors of DNA methylation: mechanistic studies and their implications for cancer therapy. Oncogene. 2002 Aug 12;21(35):5483-95. [Content Brief] [2]. Creusot F, et al. Inhibition of DNA methyltransferase and induction of Friend erythroleukemia cell differentiation by 5-azacytidineand 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. J Biol Chem. 1982 Feb 25;257(4):2041-8. [Content Brief] [3]. Li LH,et al. Cytotoxicity and mode of action of 5-azacytidine on L1210 leukemia. Cancer Res. 1970 Nov;30(11):2760-9. [Content Brief] [4]. Marycz K, et al. 5-Azacytidine and Resveratrol Enhance Chondrogenic Differentiation of Metabolic Syndrome-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Modulating Autophagy.Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 May 12;2019:1523140. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

H₂O / DMSO	1 mM	4.0950 mL	20.4750 mL	40.9500 mL	102.3751 mL
	5 mM	0.8190 mL	4.0950 mL	8.1900 mL	20.4750 mL
	10 mM	0.4095 mL	2.0475 mL	4.0950 mL	10.2375 mL
	15 mM	0.2730 mL	1.3650 mL	2.7300 mL	6.8250 mL
	20 mM	0.2048 mL	1.0238 mL	2.0475 mL	5.1188 mL
	25 mM	0.1638 mL	0.8190 mL	1.6380 mL	4.0950 mL
	30 mM	0.1365 mL	0.6825 mL	1.3650 mL	3.4125 mL
	40 mM	0.1024 mL	0.5119 mL	1.0238 mL	2.5594 mL
	50 mM	0.0819 mL	0.4095 mL	0.8190 mL	2.0475 mL
	60 mM	0.0683 mL	0.3413 mL	0.6825 mL	1.7063 mL
	80 mM	0.0512 mL	0.2559 mL	0.5119 mL	1.2797 mL
	100 mM	0.0410 mL	0.2048 mL	0.4095 mL	1.0238 mL

* Note: If you choose water as the stock solution, please dilute it to the working solution, then filter and sterilize it with a 0.22 μm filter before use.

5-Azacytidine Related Classifications

Stem Cell/Wnt Cell Cycle/DNA Damage Epigenetics Anti-infection Autophagy
Organoid Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog DNA Methyltransferase Bacterial Autophagy Antibiotic

Help & FAQs

Keywords:

5-Azacytidine320-67-2Azacitidine 5-AzaC LadakamycinOrganoidNucleoside Antimetabolite/AnalogDNA MethyltransferaseBacterialAutophagyAntibioticDNMTsDNA MTasesInhibitorinhibitorinhibit

5-Azacytidine [320-67-2]

Cat# HY-10586-500mg

Brand : MedChemExpress

Other Forms of 5-Azacytidine:

5-Azacytidine Related Antibodies

Molarity Calculator

Dilution Calculator

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

5-Azacytidine Related Classifications

Keywords:

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