Reagents and instruments for immunology, cell biology and molecular biology.

Hydrocortisone [50-23-7]

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Cat# HY-N0583-1g

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Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) is a steroid hormone or glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex.

For research use only. We do not sell to patients.

Hydrocortisone Chemical Structure

CAS No. : 50-23-7

This product is a controlled substance and not for sale in your territory.

Based on 40 publication(s) in Google Scholar

Other Forms of Hydrocortisone:

Hydrocortisone 17-butyrate In-stock
Hydrocortisone acetate In-stock
Hydrocortisone phosphate Get quote
Hydrocortisone 17-valerate Get quote
Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate Get quote
Hydrocortisone hemisuccinate hydrate Get quote
Hydrocortisone-d₇ Get quote
Hydrocortisone-d₄ Get quote
Hydrocortisone-d₃ Get quote
Hydrocortisone-d₂ Get quote
Hydrocortisone (Standard) Get quote

Description

Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) is a steroid hormone or glucocorticoid secreted by the adrenal cortex^[1].

IC₅₀ & Target

Human Endogenous Metabolite

Cellular Effect

Cell Line	Type	Value	Description	References
A549	IC₅₀	> 20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
B16-F10	IC₅₀	> 20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against mouse B16F10 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse B16F10 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
COS-7	IC₅₀	> 20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against african green monkey COS1 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against african green monkey COS1 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
HeLa	IC₅₀	> 20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human HeLa cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	> 50 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, human L-MDR1 expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, human L-MDR1 expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay	[PMID: 12699389]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	> 50 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1a expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1a expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay	[PMID: 12699389]
LLC-PK1	IC₅₀	> 50 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1b expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay Inhibition of P-glycoprotein, mouse L-mdr1b expressed in LLC-PK1 epithelial cells using calcein-AM polarisation assay	[PMID: 12699389]
Macrophage	IC₅₀	10 nM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in CD-1 mouse Macrophage assessed as inhibition of IFN-gamma induced NO production after 48 hrs by Griess reaction Antiinflammatory activity in CD-1 mouse Macrophage assessed as inhibition of IFN-gamma induced NO production after 48 hrs by Griess reaction	[PMID: 21361338]
MCF7	IC₅₀	> 20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human MCF7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
NIH3T3	IC₅₀	> 20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse NIH/3T3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	> 20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against mouse RAW264.7 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	3.4 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells incubated for 24 hrs by Griess reagent-based assay Inhibition of NO production in LPS-stimulated mouse RAW264.7 cells incubated for 24 hrs by Griess reagent-based assay	[PMID: 33454546]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	40.64 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production by MTT assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production by MTT assay	[PMID: 20879743]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	40.64 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by Griess reaction Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by Griess reaction	[PMID: 23067550]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	40.64 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by Griess reaction based spectrophotometry Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells after 24 hrs by Griess reaction based spectrophotometry	[PMID: 21807513]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	43.8 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 23755850]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	5.5 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced PGE2 production preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS-stimulation and measured after 18 hrs Antiinflammatory activity against mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced PGE2 production preincubated for 1 hr followed by LPS-stimulation and measured after 18 hrs	[PMID: 31126853]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	51.4 μM Compound: hydrocortisone	Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess assay Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess assay	[PMID: 25275213]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	52.43 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production preincubated for 3 hrs followed by LPS addition measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production preincubated for 3 hrs followed by LPS addition measured after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 31009914]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	53.7 μM Compound: hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of NO production after 24 hrs by Griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of NO production after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 25076059]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	53.8 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells treated 1 hr before LPS challenge measured after 24 hrs by Griess reaction method Inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production in mouse RAW264.7 cells treated 1 hr before LPS challenge measured after 24 hrs by Griess reaction method	[PMID: 23294419]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	54.23 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production after 24 hrs by Griess method Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production after 24 hrs by Griess method	[PMID: 26615888]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	54.23 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess method Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess method	[PMID: 24660966]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	58.79 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 27295506]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	58.79 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production after 24 hrs by Griess assay	[PMID: 27256914]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	58.79 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production preincubated for 3 hrs followed by LPS addition and measured after 24 hrs by griess assay Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced nitric oxide production preincubated for 3 hrs followed by LPS addition and measured after 24 hrs by griess assay	[PMID: 30419492]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	61 nM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of IFN-gamma induced NO production after 24 hrs by Griess reaction Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of IFN-gamma induced NO production after 24 hrs by Griess reaction	[PMID: 21361338]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	63.86 μM Compound: hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production by ELISA Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 production by ELISA	[PMID: 20095629]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	64.34 μM Compound: hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 assessed as inhibition LPS-induced nitric oxide production cells after 24 hrs Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 assessed as inhibition LPS-induced nitric oxide production cells after 24 hrs	[PMID: 20095629]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	64.34 μM Compound: Hydrocortisone	Inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess reaction based method Inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated mouse RAW264.7 cells by Griess reaction based method	[PMID: 23305920]
RAW264.7	IC₅₀	85.64 μM Compound: hydrocortisone	Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production by ELISA Antiinflammatory activity in mouse RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced TNFalpha production by ELISA	[PMID: 20095629]
SK-OV-3	IC₅₀	> 20 μM Compound: HYD	Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay Cytotoxicity against human SKOV3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay	[PMID: 26695732]

In Vitro

Hydrocortisone (50 nM) shows a dose-dependent down-regulation of GR transcript in hCMEC/D3 cells. Hydrocortisone supplementation of the serum-reduced cell differentiation medium leads to a significant increase in TER across the hCMEC/D3 monolayer^[1]. Hydrocortisone-treated Dendritic cells (DCs) show a decreased expression of MHC II molecules, the costimulatory molecule CD86, and the DC-specific marker CD83, as well as a strongly reduced IL-12 secretion. Hydrocortisone-treated DCs inhibit production of IFN-γ but induce an increased release of IL-4 and no change in IL-5^[2]. Hydrocortisone reduces postischemic oxidative stress, perfusion pressure, and transudate formation. Hydrocortisone inhibits postischemic shedding of syndecan-1, heparan sulfate, and hyaluronan as is release of histamine from resident mast cells^[3].

MedChemExpress (MCE) has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

Clinical Trial

Molecular Weight

362.46

Formula

C₂₁H₃₀O₅

CAS No.

50-23-7

Appearance

Solid

Color

White to off-white

SMILES

C[C@@]1([C@@]2(O)C(CO)=O)[C@](CC2)(22)[C@@](CCC3=CC4=O)(22)[C@]([C@]3(CC4)C)(22)[C@@H](O)C1

Structure Classification

Steroids

Initial Source

Endogenous metabolite

Shipping

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

Storage

4°C, protect from light

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

Solvent & Solubility

In Vitro:

DMSO : ≥ 100 mg/mL (275.89 mM; Hygroscopic DMSO has a significant impact on the solubility of product, please use newly opened DMSO)

H₂O : < 0.1 mg/mL (insoluble)

*"≥" means soluble, but saturation unknown.

Preparing
Stock Solutions

Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg

1 mM	2.7589 mL	13.7946 mL	27.5893 mL
5 mM	0.5518 mL	2.7589 mL	5.5179 mL
10 mM	0.2759 mL	1.3795 mL	2.7589 mL

View the Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

* Please refer to the solubility information to select the appropriate solvent. Once prepared, please aliquot and store the solution to prevent product inactivation from repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage method and period of stock solution: -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light). When stored at -80°C, please use it within 6 months. When stored at -20°C, please use it within 1 month.

Molarity Calculator
Dilution Calculator

Mass (g) = Concentration (mol/L) × Volume (L) × Molecular Weight (g/mol)

Concentration _(start) × Volume _(start) = Concentration _(final) × Volume _(final)

This equation is commonly abbreviated as: C₁V₁ = C₂V₂

Concentration _(start)

Volume _(start)

Concentration _(final)

Volume _(final)

In Vivo:

Select the appropriate dissolution method based on your experimental animal and administration route.

For the following dissolution methods, please ensure to first prepare a clear stock solution using an In Vitro approach and then sequentially add co-solvents:
To ensure reliable experimental results, the clarified stock solution can be appropriately stored based on storage conditions. As for the working solution for in vivo experiments, it is recommended to prepare freshly and use it on the same day.
The percentages shown for the solvents indicate their volumetric ratio in the final prepared solution. If precipitation or phase separation occurs during preparation, heat and/or sonication can be used to aid dissolution.

Protocol 1

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 45% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.90 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (25.0 mg/mL) to 400 μL PEG300, and mix evenly; then add 50 μL Tween-80 and mix evenly; then add 450 μL Saline to adjust the volume to 1 mL.
Preparation of Saline: Dissolve 0.9 g sodium chloride in ddH₂O and dilute to 100 mL to obtain a clear Saline solution.
Protocol 2

Add each solvent one by one: 5% DMSO 40% PEG300 5% Tween-80 50% Saline
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.90 mM); Clear solution
Protocol 3

Add each solvent one by one: 5% DMSO 95% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.5 mg/mL (6.90 mM); Clear solution
Protocol 4

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% (20% SBE-β-CD in Saline)
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.74 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown).
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline, and mix evenly.
Preparation of 20% SBE-β-CD in Saline (4°C, storage for one week): 2 g SBE-β-CD powder is dissolved in 10 mL Saline, completely dissolve until clear.
Protocol 5

Add each solvent one by one: 10% DMSO 90% Corn Oil
Solubility: ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (5.74 mM); Clear solution

This protocol yields a clear solution of ≥ 2.08 mg/mL (saturation unknown). If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.
Taking 1 mL working solution as an example, add 100 μL DMSO stock solution (20.8 mg/mL) to 900 μL Corn oil, and mix evenly.

In Vivo Dissolution Calculator

Please enter the basic information of animal experiments:

Dosage

mg/kg

Animal weight
(per animal)

Dosing volume
(per animal)

μL

Number of animals

Recommended: Prepare an additional quantity of animals to account for potential losses during experiments.

Please enter your animal formula composition:

DMSO +

Tween-80 +

Saline

Recommended: Keep the proportion of DMSO in working solution below 2% if your animal is weak.

The co-solvents required include: DMSO, . All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE). , Tween 80. All of co-solvents are available by MedChemExpress (MCE).

Calculation results:

Working solution concentration: mg/mL

Method for preparing stock solution: mg drug dissolved in μL DMSO (Stock solution concentration: mg/mL).

*In solvent : -80°C, 6 months; -20°C, 1 month (protect from light)

The concentration of the stock solution you require exceeds the measured solubility. The following solution is for reference only. If necessary, please contact MedChemExpress (MCE).

Method for preparing in vivo working solution for animal experiments: Take μL DMSO stock solution, add μL . μL , mix evenly, next add μL Tween 80, mix evenly, then add μL Saline.

If the continuous dosing period exceeds half a month, please choose this protocol carefully.

Please ensure that the stock solution in the first step is dissolved to a clear state, and add co-solvents in sequence. You can use ultrasonic heating (ultrasonic cleaner, recommended frequency 20-40 kHz), vortexing, etc. to assist dissolution.

Purity & Documentation

Purity: 99.91%

Select Batch:

SDS (418 KB)

COA (252 KB) HNMR (255 KB) RP-HPLC (255 KB)

Handling Instructions (2659 KB)

References

[1]. Förster C, et al. Differential effects of hydrocortisone and TNFalpha on tight junction proteins in an in vitro model of the human blood-brain barrier. J Physiol. 2008 Apr 1;586(7):1937-49. [Content Brief]

[2]. Bellinghausen I, et al. Inhibition of human allergic T-cell responses by IL-10-treated dendritic cells: differences from hydrocortisone-treated dendritic cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Aug;108(2):242-9. [Content Brief]

[3]. Chappell D, et al. Hydrocortisone preserves the vascular barrier by protecting the endothelial glycocalyx. Anesthesiology. 2007 Nov;107(5):776-84. [Content Brief]

Cell Assay ^[1]	Cells are plated on top of collagen IV-coated transwell chambers for six-well plates (24 mm diameter, membrane material: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), 0.4 μm pores, pore density 1.6×10⁶ cm²) at densities of 2.5×10⁴ cells cm² per well. When they have reached confluence at day 5, the different experimental sets of cells are transferred to differentiation medium containing reduced amounts of FCS and treated with TNFα or hydrocortisone as indicated. MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.
References	[1]. Förster C, et al. Differential effects of hydrocortisone and TNFalpha on tight junction proteins in an in vitro model of the human blood-brain barrier. J Physiol. 2008 Apr 1;586(7):1937-49. [Content Brief] [2]. Bellinghausen I, et al. Inhibition of human allergic T-cell responses by IL-10-treated dendritic cells: differences from hydrocortisone-treated dendritic cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Aug;108(2):242-9. [Content Brief] [3]. Chappell D, et al. Hydrocortisone preserves the vascular barrier by protecting the endothelial glycocalyx. Anesthesiology. 2007 Nov;107(5):776-84. [Content Brief]

Cell Assay
^[1]

Cells are plated on top of collagen IV-coated transwell chambers for six-well plates (24 mm diameter, membrane material: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), 0.4 μm pores, pore density 1.6×10⁶ cm²) at densities of 2.5×10⁴ cells cm² per well. When they have reached confluence at day 5, the different experimental sets of cells are transferred to differentiation medium containing reduced amounts of FCS and treated with TNFα or hydrocortisone as indicated.

MCE has not independently confirmed the accuracy of these methods. They are for reference only.

References

[1]. Förster C, et al. Differential effects of hydrocortisone and TNFalpha on tight junction proteins in an in vitro model of the human blood-brain barrier. J Physiol. 2008 Apr 1;586(7):1937-49. [Content Brief]

[2]. Bellinghausen I, et al. Inhibition of human allergic T-cell responses by IL-10-treated dendritic cells: differences from hydrocortisone-treated dendritic cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Aug;108(2):242-9. [Content Brief]

[3]. Chappell D, et al. Hydrocortisone preserves the vascular barrier by protecting the endothelial glycocalyx. Anesthesiology. 2007 Nov;107(5):776-84. [Content Brief]

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Optional Solvent	Concentration Solvent Mass	1 mg	5 mg	10 mg	25 mg

DMSO	1 mM	2.7589 mL	13.7946 mL	27.5893 mL	68.9731 mL
	5 mM	0.5518 mL	2.7589 mL	5.5179 mL	13.7946 mL
	10 mM	0.2759 mL	1.3795 mL	2.7589 mL	6.8973 mL
	15 mM	0.1839 mL	0.9196 mL	1.8393 mL	4.5982 mL
	20 mM	0.1379 mL	0.6897 mL	1.3795 mL	3.4487 mL
	25 mM	0.1104 mL	0.5518 mL	1.1036 mL	2.7589 mL
	30 mM	0.0920 mL	0.4598 mL	0.9196 mL	2.2991 mL
	40 mM	0.0690 mL	0.3449 mL	0.6897 mL	1.7243 mL
	50 mM	0.0552 mL	0.2759 mL	0.5518 mL	1.3795 mL
	60 mM	0.0460 mL	0.2299 mL	0.4598 mL	1.1496 mL
	80 mM	0.0345 mL	0.1724 mL	0.3449 mL	0.8622 mL
	100 mM	0.0276 mL	0.1379 mL	0.2759 mL	0.6897 mL

Hydrocortisone Related Classifications

Induced Disease Models Products
Immunology and Inflammatory Disease Models
Hapten

Inflammation/Immunology Endocrinology Cardiovascular Disease Cancer
Cancer Immunotherapy Cancer Metabolism and Metastasis

Immunology/Inflammation Vitamin D Related/Nuclear Receptor Metabolic Enzyme/Protease
Glucocorticoid Receptor Endogenous Metabolite

Hydrocortisone [50-23-7]

Cat# HY-N0583-1g

Brand : MedChemExpress

Other Forms of Hydrocortisone:

Molarity Calculator

Dilution Calculator

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Hydrocortisone Related Classifications

Keywords:

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Hydrocortisone [50-23-7]

Cat# HY-N0583-1g

Brand : MedChemExpress

Other Forms of Hydrocortisone:

Hydrocortisone Related Antibodies

Molarity Calculator

Dilution Calculator

Complete Stock Solution Preparation Table

Hydrocortisone Related Classifications

Keywords:

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